Barium Carbonate,Baco3
Barium Carbonate is no use as a coloring agent in low temperature flames, but is often used to reduce acid formation in mixtures or to slow down the speed of some compositions.
Barium Chlorate B a (CIO3)2H2O
Barium chlorate is one of the most sensitive chemicals which is used in firework manufacture, but it is difficult to manage without it when deep green colors are required. It is wise to use this substance as little as possible and to use it in combination with other substances which will tend to reduce the sensitivity.
Barium Nitrate, B a (NO3)2
This is perhaps one of the most useful and stable of the nitrates, but is somewhat limited in use. Low temperature green colors are not very strong when they are made with barium nitrate, though the frequently features in compositions made with barium chlorate as the main coloring agent.
More than anything else this substance is used in combination with aluminum powder for the production of silver effects. Silver stars, flares and waterfalls invariably utilize barium nitrate and the aluminum combined with it is frequently mistaken for magnesium by the uninitiated.
A I though barium peroxide is used in pyrotechnics, it is not suitable for use in fireworks owing to its very reactive nature.
Beta N a p ht h o l , C10H7OH
Manufactured mainly for the dye industry, this substance has found an occasional use as a fuel in colored stars, mainly because of its carbon content.
Boron, B
Mixtures of boron with oxidants, such as oxides, peroxides, chromates, nitrates and s u l p h a t e s, burn in different ways, the combustion ranging from rapid burning accompanied by long flames and showers of sparks to very slow combustion and the evolution of little or no gas.
Mixtures of boron with potassium nitrate produce compositions that consolidate well when pressed, and are easy to ignite as they are sensitive to flash. These are used as priming or first fore compositions because of their ability to transfer heat to other compositions. The addition of silicon enhances this effect.
The majority of compositions containing boron are sensitive to friction and shock. Also the more reactive mixtures are very sensitive to ignition by electrostatic spark.
Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3
The precipitated form of this compound finds an occasional use as a neutralizer in some mixtures, in Armstrong’s Mixture, matches, and snakes made with nitrated pitch. It is also used to make rockets. It is also used in high temperature flames for orange co lour.
Calcium S I l I c I d e, CaSi2
It finds use mainly as a fuel for self-heating cans of soup and is often an important component in smoke compositions.
Carbon Black-Lampblack
Carbon black is used to make Flower Pots, the unusual little golden fountains with their own special type of gold spark. Golden streamer stars also employ carbon black for the best effects.
Castor Oil
It is used mainly as a protection for magnesium, but it is also as a binder or lubricant in that it reduces the friction of the powder against the walls of the container into which it is pressed.
Clay
This material is an important part of firework manufacture, for it is used to block up the ends of tubes or to provide a washer through which fire can be forced in order to produce pressure.
Copper Powder
Use has sometimes been made of the bronze and electrolytic copper powders for the production of the blue colors, or as intensifiers for green colors, but this is not very common, for the same effects can be achieved by more efficient means.
Copper Ace t o a r s e n I t e ( C u O)3As2O3CU(C2H3O2)
2-Paris Green
It has an intense green color, is insoluble in water and alcohol, but soluble in acids. Needless to say it is toxic, and sometimes caused nose bleeding and skin rashes. Apart from the compositions employing ammonium per chlorate , Paris Green still provides the best blue colors.
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